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Stainless Steel 446
Stainless steels are known as high-alloy steels. They have excellent corrosion resistance in comparison with other steels as they contain more chromium.
Based on their crystalline structure, stainless steels are divided into three groups, namely, martensitic, austenitic and ferritic steels. A combination of martensitic and ferritic steels forms a fourth group known as precipitation-hardened steels.
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Monel 400
As a nickel-copper alloy, alloy 400 has excellent corrosion resistance in a wide variety of media. This alloy is highly resistant to sea water and steam at high temperatures as well as to salt and caustic solutions. Alloy 400 is characterized by its general corrosion resistance, good weldability, and moderate to high strength in the tempered conditions.
This alloy has excellent resistance to rapidly flowing and warm seawater, brackish water, and steam. It is particularly resistant to hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids when they are de-aerated. This alloy is slightly magnetic at room temperature. Alloy 400 is widely used in the chemical, oil, and marine engineering industries.
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Alloy 42
The Nickel 201 alloys is an alloy that contains commercially pure wrought Nickel and has good mechanical properties that extend over a wide range of temperatures. The Nickel alloy 201 has excellent resistance to many corrosives, hydroxides in particular.
Nickel 201 has similar properties to Nickel 200. However, due to its lower carbon content, Nickel 201 can better prevent embrittlement by inter-granular carbon at elevated temperatures.
Nickel 201 has native properties to provide strong resistance to corrosion in acids and alkalis. It is especially useful under reducing conditions. The alloy has outstanding resistance to caustic alkalis, which includes its molten state. The alloy shows good resistance in acid, alkaline, and neutral salt solutions.
However, when Nickel 201 is in oxidizing salt solutions severe corrosion will occur. The Nickel 201 alloy is resistant to all dry gases at room temperature. In dry chlorine and hydrogen chloride, Nickel 201 alloy may be used in temperatures up to 550 °C. Its resistance to mineral acids varies according to temperature, concentration, and solution aeration. Its corrosion resistance displays better in de-aerated acid.
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Austenitic SS 254
Stainless steel grade 254 SMO™ is a very high end austenitic stainless steel. It is designed with a combination of impact toughness resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, and pitting and crevice corrosion with strength that is twice that of the stainless steel 300 series.
For certain applications, grade 254 SMO™ has been reported to be a cost-effective substitute for high nickel and titanium alloys. It is known to possess excellent workability as well.
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Inconel 945
INCONEL® alloy 718 (UNS N07718/W.Nr. 2.4668) is a high-strength, corrosion-resistant nickel chromium material used at -423° to 1300°F.
The age-hardenable alloy can be readily fabricated, even into complex parts. Its welding characteristics, especially its resistance to postweld cracking, are outstanding. The ease and economy with which INCONEL alloy 718 can be fabricated, combined with good tensile, fatigue, creep, and rupture strength, have resulted in its use in a wide range of applications. Examples of these are components for liquid fueled rockets, rings, casings and various formed sheet metal parts for aircraft and land-based gas turbine engines, and cryogenic tankage. It is also used for fasteners and instrumentation parts. -
Incoloy 825 UNS N08825 2.4858 NiCr21Mo Nickel Alloy
UNS N08825 Incoloy 825 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy that contains small amounts of titanium, copper, and molybdenum. Incoloy® 825’s chemical composition provides great resistance to many corrosive environments, such as pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and stress- corrosion cracking. Incoloy 825 nickel alloy has good mechanical properties from moderate to high temperatures, with a hot- working range of 1600 to 2150º F. Alloy 825 also maintains good weldability for all conventional processes.
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Incoloy 901
A nickel-iron-chromium alloy containing titanium and aluminum for precipitation hardening and molybdenum for solid-solution strengthening. The alloy has high yield strength and creep resistance at temperatures to about 1110°F (600°C). A substantial iron content enables the alloy to combine high strength with good forging characteristics. Used in gas turbines for discs and shafts. Standard products form is round.
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Stainless Steel 904L
Grade 904L stainless steel is a non-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with low carbon content. This high alloy stainless steel is added with copper to improve its resistance to strong reducing acids, such as sulphuric acid. The steel is also resistant to stress corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion. Grade 904L is non-magnetic, and offers excellent formability, toughness and weldability.
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Monel K500
Alloy K500, also called Monel® K-500, is a age-hardenable nickel-copper alloy that combines the corrosion resistance properties of alloy 400 with high strength corrosion fatigue and erosion resistance properties.
Alloy K500 is precipitation hardenable through the additions of aluminum and titanium. The chemical composition of alloy K500 retains the excellent corrosion resistant characteristics of alloy 400. When compared with alloy 400, alloy K500 has enhanced strength and hardness after precipitation hardening. Alloy K500 has approximately three times the yield strength and double the tensile strength of alloy 400. Alloy K500 can be further strengthened by cold working before the precipitation hardening.
Alloy K500 should be annealed when welded and the weldment then stress relieved before aging.
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SB 162 Nickel
The Nickel 201 alloys is an alloy that contains commercially pure wrought Nickel and has good mechanical properties that extend over a wide range of temperatures. The Nickel alloy 201 has excellent resistance to many corrosives, hydroxides in particular.
Nickel 201 has similar properties to Nickel 200. However, due to its lower carbon content, Nickel 201 can better prevent embrittlement by inter-granular carbon at elevated temperatures.
Nickel 201 has native properties to provide strong resistance to corrosion in acids and alkalis. It is especially useful under reducing conditions. The alloy has outstanding resistance to caustic alkalis, which includes its molten state. The alloy shows good resistance in acid, alkaline, and neutral salt solutions.
However, when Nickel 201 is in oxidizing salt solutions severe corrosion will occur. The Nickel 201 alloy is resistant to all dry gases at room temperature. In dry chlorine and hydrogen chloride, Nickel 201 alloy may be used in temperatures up to 550 °C. Its resistance to mineral acids varies according to temperature, concentration, and solution aeration. Its corrosion resistance displays better in de-aerated acid.
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Duplex Stainless Steel 31803
Duplex stainless steel – F51 / S31803 / S32205/ 1.4462
UNS S31803 and UNS S32205 are commonly referred to as Duplex 2205® material, whose “Duplex” name is derived from the mixed micro structure which contains about equal portions of ferrite and austenite. Developed more than 70 years ago in Sweden precisely for the sulfite paper industry where the Duplex’s were used to combat corrosion problems caused by chloride-bearing cooling waters and other aggressive chemical products. Since then there have been advancements in the composition such as the deliberate addition of nitrogen as an alloying agent, which afterwards quickly made Duplex the “workhorse” of stainless steels.
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