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Titanium Gr 6

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Titanium Gr 6

Titanium alloys are light weight and have excellent corrosion resistance, very high tensile strength and toughness. These properties remain unaffected to a great extent even at extreme temperatures. The durability of these alloys make them viable for several industries such as aerospace, military, automobile, consumer electronics, and sports equipment.

Grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy has high service temperature of 480°C (896°F), medium strength, and excellent weldability and fabricability. This alloy has good oxidation resistance and microstructure stability; however it is not heat-treatable.

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Description

The following sections will discuss in detail about grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy.

Chemical Composition

The chemical composition of grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy is outlined in the following table.

Element Content (%)
Titanium, Ti 89.85 – 94
Aluminum, Al 4-6
Tin, Sn 2-3
Iron, Fe ≤ 0.50
Oxygen, O ≤ 0.20
Carbon, C ≤ 0.10
Nitrogen, N ≤ 0.030
Hydrogen, H ≤ 0.015
Other, each ≤ 0.050
Other, total ≤ 0.30

Physical Properties

The physical properties of grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy are tabulated below.

Properties Metric Imperial
Density 4.48 g/cm3 0.162 lb/in3
Melting point ≤ 1590 °C ≤ 2890 °F

Mechanical Properties

The following table shows mechanical properties of grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy.

Properties Metric Imperial
Tensile strength 517 MPa 75000 psi
Yield strength 827 MPa 120000 psi
Elastic modulus 110 – 125 GPa 16000 – 18100 ksi
Shear modulus 48 GPa 6960 ksi
Elongation at break 15% 15%
Hardness, Brinell 320 320
Hardness, Knoop 363 363
Hardness, Rockwell C 36 36
Hardness, Vickers 349 349

Thermal Properties

The thermal properties of grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy are tabulated below.

Properties Metric Imperial
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@0.000-100°C/32-212°F) 9.40 µm/m°C 5.22 µin/in°F
Thermal conductivity 7.80 W/mK 54.1 BTU in/hr.ft².°F

Other Designations

Equivalent materials to grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy are as follows:

  • ASTM B265 Grade6
  • ASTM B348 Grade6
  • ASTM B381 Grade6
  • MIL-T-9046
  • MIL-T-9047
  • AMS 4926
  • AMS 4910
  • AMS 4966
  • AMS 4953
  • MIL F-83142
  • MIL T-81556
  • MIL T-81915

Fabrication and Heat Treatment

Machinability

Grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy is hard to machine but can be successfully done using slow speeds, high coolant flow, and high feed rates. Tooling should be performed using tungsten carbide designations C1-C4 or cobalt type high speed tools.

Forming

Grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy can be hot or cold formed using power brake, hydropress, stretch or drop hammer methods.

Welding

Welding of grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy is rated as good.

Annealing

Annealing of this material can be performed by heating to 718-843°C (1325-1550° F) for 4 h and then air cooled. In case intermediate stress relieving is required, the material has to be heated to 538-650 °C (1000-1200° F) for 1 h, and then air cooled.

Forging

Forging can be performed at 1010-1038°C (1850-1900°F) and completed at 954-1010°C (1750-1850°F).

Hot Working

Hot working enhances the overall ductility of the material.

Cold Working

Cold working features of this material is same as that of a moderately tempered austenitic stainless steel. Post-work annealing is recommended to re-attain favorable performance properties.

Applications

Grade 6 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy is used in the following application areas:

  • Gas turbine engine casings and rings
  • Aerospace structural parts, aircraft engine and airframe.
  • Chemical processing equipment

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