INCONEL

INCONEL® Alloy 600 / N06600

Other common names: Alloy 600

Inconel 600 is a nickel-chromium alloy used for applications that require corrosion and high temperature resistance. This nickel alloy was designed for service temperatures from cryogenic to elevated temperatures in the range of 2000° F. It is non-magnetic, has excellent mechanical properties, and presents the desirable combination of high strength and good weldability under a wide range of temperatures. The high nickel content in Inconel 600 enables it to retain considerable resistance under reducing conditions, makes it resistant to corrosion by a number of organic and inorganic compounds, gives it excellent resistance to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking and also provides excellent resistance to alkaline solutions. Typical applications of this nickel alloy include the chemical, pulp and paper, aerospace, nuclear engineering and heat treating industries.

      

Chemical Composition, %

       

In what form is Inconel 600 Available at SAGAR STEEL?

• Sheet
• Plate
• Bar
• Pipe & Tube (welded & seamless)
• Fittings (i.e. flanges, slip-ons, blinds, weld-necks, lapjoints, long welding necks, socket welds, elbows, tees, stub-ends, returns, caps, crosses, reducers, and pipe nipples)
• Wire

What are the characteristics of Inconel 600?

• Resistant to a wide range of corrosive media.
• Virtually immune to chlorine ion stress corrosion cracking
• Non-magnetic
• Excellent mechanical properties
• High strength and good weldability under a wide range of temperatures

Mechanical Properties
Typical room temperature Tensile Properties of Annealed Material

       

Applications :

• Chemical industry
• Aerospace
• Heat treating industry
• Pulp and paper industry
• Food processing
• Nuclear Engineering
• Gas turbine components

Fabrications :

Alloy 600 can be both hot formed and cold formed using typical processes. Hot working should be performed between 1600° F and 2250° F avoiding any work between1200-1600° F because the ductility decreases in this temperature range. Welding Alloy 600 can be achieved via shielded metal-arc welding, TIG, and MIG.

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INCONEL® Alloy 601 / N06601

Other common names: Alloy 601

Super alloys or high performance alloys are strengthened by performing solid-solution hardening, work hardening, and precipitation hardening. They have good creep and oxidation resistance, and consist of elements in a variety of combinations to achieve the desired result. They can be used at very high temperatures and mechanical stress, and also where high surface stability is required.

Inconel 601™ is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy having high temperature oxidation resistance. The following datasheet provides more details about Inconel 601

ASTM Specifications

Other Designations

Other designations that are equivalent to Inconel 601™ include:

• AMS 5715
• AMS 5870
• ASTM B166
• ASTM B167
• ASTM B168
• DIN 2.4851

     

In what form is Inconel 601 available at Sagar steels?

• Sheet
• Plate
• Bar
• Pipe & Tube (welded & seamless)
• Fittings (i.e. flanges, slip-ons, blinds, weld-necks, lapjoints, long welding necks, socket welds, elbows, tees, stub-ends, returns, caps, crosses, reducers, and pipe nipples)
• Wire

    

Chemical Composition

The following table outlines the chemical composition of Inconel 601™.

Element	Content (%)
Nickel, Ni	58-63
Chromium, Cr	21-25
Iron, Fe	13
Aluminum, Al	1-1.70
Copper, Cu	≤ 1
Manganese, Mn	≤ 1
Silicon, Si	≤ 0.50
Carbon, C	≤ 0.10
Sulfur, S	≤ 0.015

Physical Properties

The physical properties of Inconel 601™ are given in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Density	8.11 g/cm3	0.293 lb/in3
Melting point	1349°C	2460°F

Mechanical Properties

The mechanical properties of Inconel 601™ are displayed in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Tensile strength (solution annealed/value at room temperature)	760 MPa	110000 psi
Yield strength (@ strain 0.200%, solution annealed/value at room temperature)	450 MPa	65300 psi
Elongation at break	42%	42 %

Thermal Properties

The thermal properties of Inconel 601™ are highlighted in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@20-100°C/68-212°F)	13.75 µm/m°C	7.639 µin/in°F
Thermal conductivity	11.2 W/mK	77.7 BTU in/hr.ft².°F

     

Characteristics :

• Outstanding oxidation resistance to 2200° F
• Resists spalling even under severe thermal cycling conditions
• Highly resistant to carburization
• Good creep rupture strength

Metallurgical stability Machinability

Inconel 601™ can be machined using conventional machining methods which are used for iron-based alloys. Machining operations are performed using commercial coolants. High-speed operations such as grinding, milling or turning, are performed using water-based coolants. Heavy lubricants are used for tapping, drilling, boring, or broaching.

Forming

Inconel 601™ is formed using all conventional techniques.

Welding

Inconel 601™ is welded using gas-tungsten arc welding, gas metal-arc welding, shielded metal-arc welding, and submerged-arc welding methods.

Heat Treatment

Inconel 601™ does not respond to heat treatment.

Forging

Inconel 601™ is forged at 1038 to 1233°C (1900 to 2250°F)

Hot Working

Inconel 601™ is hot worked at 872 to 1233°C (1600 to 2250°F)

Cold Working

Inconel 601™ can be cold formed using standard tooling.

Annealing

Inconel 601™ is annealed at 1149°C (2100°F). It is then cooled at temperatures ranging from 538 to 760°C (1000 to 1400°F) in order to prevent thermal cracking.

Hardening

Inconel 601™ can be hardened only by cold working.

Applications

Inconel 601™ is used in heat treat furnace fixtures and components such as muffles, annealing tubes, and flame shields. It can also be used in chemical process equipments which include process heaters, combustor components, and condenser tubes.

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INCONEL® Alloy 625 / N06625

Other common names: Alloy 625

Inconel 625 is a corrosion and oxidation resistant nickel alloy that is used both for its high strength and outstanding aqueous corrosion resistance. Its outstanding strength and toughness is due to the addition of niobium which acts with the molybdenum to stiffen the alloy’s matrix. Alloy 625 has excellent fatigue strength and stress-corrosion cracking resistance to chloride ions. This nickel alloy has excellent weldability and is frequently used to weld AL-6XN. This alloy resists a wide range of severely corrosive environments and is especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. Some typical applications Inconel 625 is used in are chemical processing, aerospace and marine engineering, pollution-control equipment, and nuclear reactors.

Relevant Standards

Inconel 625 is covered by the following standards:

•         BS 3076 NA 21

•         ASTM B446

•         AMS 5666

Equivalent Materials

Inconel 625 is the tradename of Special Metals Group of Companies and equivalent to:

•         W.NR 2.4856

•         UNS N06625

•         AWS 012

   

ASTM Specifications

   

In what form is Inconel 625 available at SAGAR STEELS?

• Sheet
• Plate
• Bar
• Pipe & Tube (welded & seamless)
• Wire

What are the characteristics of Inconel 625?

• High creep-rupture strength
• Oxidation resistant to 1800° F
• Seawater pitting and crevice corrosion resistant
• Immune to chloride ion stress corrosion cracking
• Non-magnetic

   

Applications

• Aircraft ducting systems
• Aerospace
• Jet engine exhaust systems
• Engine thrust-reverser systems
• Specialized seawater equipment
• Chemical process equipment
•  Marine
• Aerospace industries
•  Chemical processing
•  Nuclear reactors
•   Pollution control equipment

Fabrications

Alloy 625 has excellent forming and welding characteristics. It may be forged or hot worked providing temperature is maintained in the range of about 1800-2150° F. Ideally, to control grain size, finish hot working operations should be performed at the lower end of the temperature range. Because of its good ductility, alloy 625 is also readily formed by cold working. However, the alloy does work-harden rapidly so intermediate annealing treatments may be needed for complex component forming operations. In order to restore the best balance of properties, all hot or cold worked parts should be annealed and rapidly cooled. This nickel alloy can be welded by both manual and automatic welding methods, including gas tungsten arc, gas metal arc, electron beam and resistance welding. It exhibits good restraint welding characteristics.

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INCONEL® 718 / N07718

ASTM B637, B 670, B 906
NACE MR-01-75

Inconel 718 is a Nickel-Chromium alloy being precipitation hardenable and having high creep-rupture strength at high temperatures to about 700°C (1290°F). It has higher strength than Inconel X-750 and better mechanical properties at lower temperatures than Nimonic 90 and Inconel X-750.

 

 In what forms is Inconel 718 Available at SAGAR STEELS?

• Sheet
• Plate
• Bar
• Wire

What are the characteristics of Inconel 718?

• Good mechanical properties – tensile, fatigue and creep-rupture
• Yield tensile strength, creep, and rupture strength properties are exceedingly high
• Highly resistant to chloride and sulfide stress corrosion cracking
• Resistant to aqueous corrosion and chloride ion stress corrosion cracking
• High temperature resistant
• Age-hardenable with a unique property of slow aging response that permits heating and cooling during annealing without the danger of cracking.
• Excellent welding characteristics, resistant to postweld age cracking

 

Chemical Composition of Inconel 718

The compositional range for Inconel 718 is provided in the table below.

Element	Content
Ni+Co	50 - 55 %
Cr	17 - 21 %
Fe	BAL
Nb+Ta	4.75 - 5.5 %
Mo	2.8 - 3.3 %
Ti	0.65 - 1.15 %
Al	0.2 - 0.8 %

 

Typical Properties of Inconel 718

Typical properties of Inconel 718 are covered in the following table.

Property	Metric	Imperial
Density	8.19 g/cm3	0.296 lb/in3
Melting point	1336 °C	2437 °F
Co-Efficient of Expansion	13.0 µm/m.°C (20-100 °C)	7.2x10-6 in/in.°F (70-212 °F)
Modulus of rigidity	77.2 kN/mm2	11197 ksi
Modulus of elasticity	204.9 kN/mm2	29719 ksi

 

Properties of Supplied Materials and Heat Treated Materials

Condition of Supply	Heat Treatment (After Forming)
No.1 Spring Temper/Spring Temper	1. Solution Anneal at 980°C (1800°F) for 1 hour and air cool and 2. Age harden at 720°C (1330°F) for 8 hours and furnace cool to 620°C (1150°F) and hold at 620°C (1150°F) for a total age hardening time of 18 hours and air cool.
No.1 Spring Temper/Spring Temper (NACE MRO175)	1. 1010°C (1870°F) 2 hours and air cool and 2. 790°C (1455°F) 6 hours and air cool.
Condition	Approx Tensile Strength		Approx Service Temp.
Annealed	800 - 1000 N/mm2	116 - 145 ksi	–	-
No.1 Spring Temper	1000 - 1200 N/mm2	145 - 175 ksi	–	-
No.1 Spring Temper + Annealed + Aged	1250 - 1450 N/mm2	181 - 210 ksi	-200 to +550°C	-330 to +1020°F
Spring Temper	1300 - 1500 N/mm2	189 - 218 ksi	–	-
Spring Temper + Annealed + Aged	1250 - 1450 N/mm2	181 - 210 ksi	-200 to +550°C	-330 to +1020°F

 

In what applications is Inconel 718 used?

1. Chemical processing
2. Aerospace
3. Liquid fuel rocket motor components
4. Pollution-control equipment
5. Nuclear reactors
6. Cryogenic storage tanks
7. Valves, fasteners, springs, mandrels, tubing hangers
8. Well head completion equipment and blow out preventers (BOP’s)
9. Gas turbine engine parts.

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